Turkey: Operating a Business in Turkey
| 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| Labour Force | 32,833,549 | 33,318,941 | 32,317,036 |
Source: International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | |
| Total activity rate | 57.55% | 58.08% | 58.09% |
| Men activity rate | 78.14% | 78.39% | 77.95% |
| Women activity rate | 37.45% | 38.15% | 38.54% |
Source: International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database
| Employed Persons, by Occupation (% of Total Labour Force) | 2015 |
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 20.4% |
| Manufacturing | 18.7% |
| Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 13.9% |
| Construction | 7.2% |
| Public administration and defence; compulsory social security | 5.5% |
| Accommodation and food service activities | 5.4% |
| Education | 5.3% |
| Administrative and support service activities | 4.9% |
| Transportation and storage | 4.2% |
| Human health and social work activities | 4.0% |
| Professional, scientific and technical activities | 2.8% |
| Financial and insurance activities | 1.1% |
| Information and communication | 1.0% |
| Real estate activities | 0.8% |
| Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 0.6% |
| Arts, entertainment and recreation | 0.6% |
| Mining and quarrying | 0.4% |
| Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 0.4% |
Total social contributions paid by employees are 22.5%
All employees, including foreign nationals, are subject to compulsory social security. Total social contributions paid by employees are 15%
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Latest Update: June 2022
